母兔妊娠毒血癥怎么防治？
發(fā)布日期：2021-12-13
來(lái)源：http://m.114gov.cn 發(fā)布人：admin
1、病因
1. Etiology
當(dāng)母兔體內(nèi)的胎兒快速生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育，對(duì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求旺盛，而此時(shí)由于妊娠反應(yīng)，子宮及其內(nèi)容物（胎兒）快速擴(kuò)增而壓迫胃腸，影響消化系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)和功能，造成采食量降低，形成了營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求和營(yíng)養(yǎng)攝入的巨大反差。這種入不敷出的局面導(dǎo)致母體不得不分解自身體內(nèi)脂肪來(lái)維持胎兒的發(fā)育和妊娠的持續(xù)。當(dāng)母體脂肪分解的中間代謝產(chǎn)物酮體（乙酰乙酸、β-羥基丁酸及丙酮）的產(chǎn)生量大大超過(guò)利用能力的時(shí)候，造成這些酸性物質(zhì)在體內(nèi)的大量積聚而導(dǎo)致中毒。
When the fetus in the female rabbit grows and develops rapidly and has strong demand for nutrition, due to pregnancy reaction, The rapid expansion of the uterus and its contents (fetus) oppresses the gastrointestinal tract, affects the movement and function of the digestive system, reduces food intake, and forms a huge contrast between nutritional demand and nutritional intake. This situation of making ends meet leads to the mother having to decompose her own body fat to maintain the development of the fetus and the continuation of pregnancy. When the intermediate metabolite ketone body of the mother's fat decomposition (acetoacetic acid β- When the production of hydroxybutyric acid and acetone) greatly exceeds the utilization capacity, these acidic substances accumulate in the body and lead to poisoning.
2、癥狀
2. Symptoms
食欲減退或廢絕，精神出現(xiàn)短期的興奮，后轉(zhuǎn)為抑制，頭低沉，反射遲鈍，精神委頓，步態(tài)蹣跚。有的后期頗似產(chǎn)后癱瘓，常發(fā)生昏迷狀態(tài)。呼出的氣體和排出的尿液有酮酸味道。一般在產(chǎn)前或產(chǎn)中死亡。即便沒(méi)有死亡，產(chǎn)后無(wú)乳，停食，失去飼養(yǎng)價(jià)值。妊娠毒血癥近年來(lái)在一些兔場(chǎng)頻發(fā)，其一般規(guī)律為母兔過(guò)于肥胖或偏瘦，飼養(yǎng)管理不當(dāng)，飼料內(nèi)蛋白、脂肪過(guò)剩，糖類(lèi)和維生素不足，所懷的胎兒較多的情況。
Loss of appetite or abandonment, short-term excitement in the spirit, and then turn to inhibition, low head, slow reflex, mental fatigue and staggering gait. Some later stage is quite like postpartum paralysis, often in a coma. Exhaled gas and excreted urine smell of ketoacids. Usually die before or during childbirth. Even if there is no death, there is no milk after delivery, no food, and lose feeding value. Pregnancy toxemia has occurred frequently in some rabbit farms in recent years. The general law is that the female rabbits are too fat or thin, improper feeding and management, excess protein and fat in the feed, lack of sugar and vitamins, and have more fetuses.
兔病防治：兔子妊娠毒血癥
Prevention and treatment of rabbit disease: Rabbit pregnancy toxemia
3、防治
3. Prevention
應(yīng)該從多方面入手。，在妊娠后期，控制飼料中蛋白質(zhì)含量，適當(dāng)添加葡萄糖，添加1%的小蘇打；其次，當(dāng)母兔食欲不振，采食量降低時(shí)，可降低精飼料喂量，給予適口性較好的青飼料，放出去活動(dòng)，以增進(jìn)采食量；第三，國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究表明，在母兔的后備期間，降低飼料營(yíng)養(yǎng)濃度，提高粗纖維含量，以增加采食量，促進(jìn)胃腸的發(fā)育，有助于預(yù)防妊娠毒血癥；第四，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)妊娠毒血癥輕度癥狀時(shí)，可靜脈注射高糖（25%～50%葡萄糖）50毫升，口服5%的碳酸氫鈉20毫升，皮下注射復(fù)合維生素B。
We should start from many aspects. First, in the later stage of pregnancy, control the protein content in the feed, add glucose appropriately and 1% baking soda; Secondly, when the female rabbit has a poor appetite and the feed intake decreases, the feed intake of concentrate can be reduced, green feed with good palatability can be given, and put out for activities to increase the feed intake; Third, relevant studies at home and abroad show that during the reserve period of female rabbits, reducing feed nutrient concentration and increasing crude fiber content can increase feed intake, promote gastrointestinal development and help to prevent pregnancy toxemia; Fourth, when mild symptoms of pregnancy toxemia occur, 50 ml of high glucose (25% ~ 50% glucose) can be injected intravenously, 20 ml of 5% sodium bicarbonate can be taken orally, and compound vitamin B can be injected subcutaneously.
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